Subscription Terms & Conditions

1.1 This page sets out a prospective contractual framework (the "Subscription Terms") for possible future paid subscription, membership and recurring access services that may be offered by SKYSCRAPERS INFO LIMITED (the "Operator"), a company organised under the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ("Hong Kong SAR"), in connection with the website operated at skyscrapersinfo.ltd (the "Website").

1.2 As at the date of publication, the Operator has not confirmed the launch of any paid subscription product, recurring payment infrastructure, subscriber account portal, online subscription checkout, free trial programme, or promotional code system. References in this document to Plans, Subscriptions, Subscribers, billing or related concepts describe a prospective framework only and do not, by themselves, establish or promise any live offering.

1.3 Ordinary access to the public Website, including reading editorial articles, subscribing to any free newsletter, signing up to research interest lists, following the project's social channels, downloading free resources, or contacting the Operator, does not create a paid Subscription and does not authorise any future recurring charge.

1.4 This page is published for preview only. It is a Draft — Not yet in force. No effective date has been approved. The Operator may, in the future and subject to formal approval, publish an effective date, applicable Plan terms, a version-controlled set of Subscription Terms, and a corresponding checkout or accepted Order process. Until such time, no contractual relationship under these Subscription Terms is offered or accepted.

1.5 Where the Operator does eventually offer a paid Subscription, the more specific, validly accepted Plan terms and the Refund & Cancellation Policy are expected to govern subscription-specific commercial details, in each case subject to mandatory consumer law and the expressly agreed contractual hierarchy described in Chapter 24.

1.6 Cross-references throughout this document to other SkyscrapersInfo pages — including Website Terms of Use, Service Terms & Conditions, Refund & Cancellation Policy, Privacy Policy, Cookies Policy, Copyright, Legal & Compliance Overview and Contact — are made for orientation only. The exact wording and effectiveness of those documents as at the date of any future Subscription remains subject to consistency review and to valid incorporation into the relevant Subscription contract.

2.1 In these Subscription Terms, unless the context requires otherwise, the following terms have the meanings set out below. Defined terms appear with an initial capital letter where used in this document.

Operator

SKYSCRAPERS INFO LIMITED, the legal entity identified in Chapter 1, including its successors and permitted assignees.

Website

The SkyscrapersInfo website at skyscrapersinfo.ltd and any subdomain, application or interface through which the Operator makes its content or services available.

Subscriber

A natural or legal person who has validly entered into a Subscription contract with the Operator under these Subscription Terms.

Business Subscriber

A Subscriber that is not a Consumer Subscriber, including a company, partnership, sole trader, institutional user, or any person purchasing primarily for business purposes.

Consumer Subscriber

A Subscriber who is a natural person acting wholly or mainly outside their trade, business, craft or profession, where that status is recognised by the law applicable to the relevant transaction.

Subscription

The contractual arrangement between the Operator and a Subscriber for access to Subscription Content under a chosen Plan, including any Trial Period or Promotional Offer incorporated into that arrangement.

Plan

A defined package of subscription features, entitlements, usage limits, duration and price as published by the Operator for a particular Subscription category.

Billing Period

The recurring interval — for example monthly or annually — at which Subscription Fees become due under a Recurring Subscription.

Renewal

The commencement of a new Billing Period or new fixed term at the end of an existing one.

Automatic Renewal

A Renewal that takes effect without the Subscriber being required to take a positive step, where this has been validly disclosed and accepted in the Plan terms.

Fixed-Term Subscription

A Subscription that runs for a defined period and ends at the close of that period unless renewed under the accepted terms.

Recurring Subscription

A Subscription under which Subscription Fees become due at successive Billing Periods until cancelled in accordance with Chapter 11.

Subscription Fee

The amount payable by a Subscriber for a Subscription as set out in the accepted Plan terms, exclusive or inclusive of taxes as specified at checkout.

Trial Period

A defined period at the start of a Subscription during which no Subscription Fee, or a reduced Subscription Fee, is payable, subject to the conditions of the relevant offer.

Promotional Offer

A time-limited reduction, introductory rate, bundle or other commercial concession offered to a Subscriber under stated conditions.

Subscription Content

Digital Content, Digital Services, datasets, reports, research, interactive resources, maps and other material made available to a Subscriber under a Plan.

Digital Content

Data produced and supplied in digital form, including text, images, photographs, video, audio, datasets, maps and downloadable files.

Digital Service

A service that allows the Subscriber to access, create, process, store or retrieve Digital Content, or to interact with features made available through the Subscription.

Account

A personal or institutional user record through which a Subscriber accesses Subscription Content, where the Operator has implemented such a system.

Authorised User

An individual nominated by a Subscriber and permitted to use a Subscription on that Subscriber's behalf, within the limits of the accepted Plan.

Cancellation

A Subscriber's act of stopping a future Renewal, ending a Recurring Subscription, or exercising a right to terminate a Subscription under these Subscription Terms or applicable law.

Expiration

The natural end of a Subscription at the close of a paid period or fixed term, without Renewal.

Refund

The return of a Subscription Fee, in whole or in part, by a method determined in accordance with applicable law, the accepted Plan terms, and the actual payment arrangements used for the original transaction, where a Refund is due under these Subscription Terms, the Refund & Cancellation Policy, or applicable law. A Refund is distinct from a Credit.

Credit

A goodwill or contractual value applied to a Subscriber's Account or to a future invoice, which is not a monetary Refund unless expressly stated. Where applicable law requires a monetary Refund, a Credit cannot be used to discharge that obligation without a lawful basis and the Subscriber's express agreement.

Material Change

A change to a Plan, Subscription Content, Subscription Fee, billing terms, or any other term that a reasonable Subscriber would consider significant when deciding whether to retain the Subscription.

2.2 References to "writing" include durable electronic communications. References to applicable law include mandatory statutory protections that cannot be excluded by contract.

3.1 The Operator may, in the future, consider offering paid subscription categories that may include — without limitation — premium editorial access, skyscraper intelligence, architectural datasets, interactive research resources, analytical reports, extended data collections, specialised maps, saved research collections, and professional information services. These are potential categories only. None should be understood as a launched product.

3.2 The Operator may consider offering personal, professional, business or institutional Plans. Each Plan is expected to set out, before purchase, the specific features, access entitlements, included Subscription Content, material limitations, usage limits, price, billing frequency, duration, renewal mechanics, and any eligibility conditions.

3.3 The Operator retains editorial and operational flexibility to evolve, supplement, refine or, over time, retire features, datasets, photographs, maps, reports and editorial releases. However, where a feature, content category, dataset or benefit is expressly included in a validly accepted Plan, the Operator will not withdraw or materially restrict that benefit during the period for which the Subscriber has paid, except where the change is required by law, is necessary to address a serious security or legal risk, is clearly permitted by the accepted Plan terms, or is otherwise agreed with the Subscriber. Where a feature, content category or benefit is not expressly included in a validly accepted Plan, the Subscriber should not assume access to it.

3.4 Plan-specific terms are expected to be presented in a clear, legible manner before acceptance. In the event of any conflict between promotional material and the accepted Plan terms, the accepted Plan terms prevail, subject to mandatory law.

3.5 Different Plans may offer different contractual rights. For example, a Business Subscriber's permitted uses, Authorised User rights, and redistribution limits may differ materially from those of a Consumer Subscriber. The accepted Plan terms govern.

3.6 Where the Operator introduces tiered access, the absence of a paid Subscription does not, by itself, constitute a defect of the public Website. Free readers should not expect to receive paid-tier features, datasets or research releases on a complimentary basis unless the Operator expressly offers them.

4.1 The Operator distinguishes clearly between (a) free public access to editorial and informational content on the Website and (b) any future paid Subscription services. Free access and paid Subscription are different services and are governed by different terms.

4.2 Subscribing to a free newsletter, joining a research interest list, following the project on social media, downloading a free resource, or contacting the Operator does not create a paid Subscription and does not authorise any future recurring charge.

4.3 Marketing opt-in for general communications is not consent to subscription billing. Any consent to recurring payment must be obtained separately, through a legally effective acceptance process that complies with applicable law, including payment-services, electronic-transactions and consumer-protection rules.

4.4 The Operator does not represent that a paid Subscription database, mailing list, customer-relationship system, or account portal is currently operational. Where the Operator does in future operate such systems, those systems will be implemented and tested before being made available for paid Subscriptions, and will be subject to applicable data-protection law and the Privacy Policy.

4.5 No statement in this document should be read as an offer to sell a paid Subscription, as a description of a live service, or as an invitation to treat that bypasses any legally required pre-contract information or right of withdrawal.

5.1 Where the Operator offers paid Subscriptions, eligibility is expected to depend on (a) legal capacity to enter into a contract under the law applicable to the Subscriber, (b) the Operator's published eligibility criteria for the relevant Plan, and (c) the geographic, licensing, regulatory, payment-availability and sanctions constraints that apply to that Plan.

5.2 Where a representative purports to purchase a Subscription on behalf of a business or institution, that representative is expected to confirm that they have actual or ostensible authority to bind the relevant entity. The Operator may rely on that confirmation, subject to reasonable verification and the Refund & Cancellation Policy.

5.3 Age and capacity requirements will be set out in the Plan's published terms. The Operator does not at this stage commit to any specific minimum age, and any age limit adopted will be implemented in accordance with applicable consumer-protection and digital-services law.

5.4 The Operator does not promise worldwide subscription availability. Future Plans may be limited to particular territories, languages, currencies or payment methods. Where a Plan is offered in a particular territory, the Operator may decline orders from outside that territory where doing so is necessary to comply with applicable law, licensing arrangements, sanctions, anti-fraud rules, or payment-processor requirements.

5.5 Any sanctions, export-control, anti-money-laundering, fraud, payment-risk or restricted-territory checks applied at checkout or during the life of a Subscription must have a lawful basis and reflect the Operator's actual operational controls. Where checks are required, they will be carried out in a manner that is proportionate and consistent with applicable data-protection law.

6.1 A Subscription contract is expected to be formed only through a legally effective acceptance process. Until the Operator implements and publishes such a process, no Subscription is offered, accepted or capable of being formed under this page.

6.2 Before a Subscriber becomes bound by a paid Subscription, the checkout or accepted Order is expected to disclose, in a clear and legible manner, at least the following:

• the exact subscription product or Plan, and the Subscription Content it includes;
• the material limitations, usage limits or exclusions applicable to that Plan;
• the total Subscription Fee, including any non-optional add-ons, and the billing currency;
• the recurring payment amount (where applicable) and the Billing Period;
• the initial commitment and any minimum duration, including any Trial Period;
• whether the Subscription is subject to Automatic Renewal, the renewal frequency, and the mechanism by which the Subscription is renewed;
• the price that applies after any Promotional Offer or Trial Period ends;
• the deadline and method by which the Subscriber may stop Renewal before a charge is taken;
• the time at which a Cancellation takes effect;
• the applicable Refund and withdrawal rights, and how they may be exercised;
• any material technical requirements necessary to receive the Subscription Content; and
• the Operator's identity, registered particulars and contact arrangements.

6.3 The obligation to pay must be communicated clearly. The acceptance step should be designed so that the Subscriber gives an unambiguous, informed indication of assent, in accordance with the Electronic Transactions Ordinance (Cap. 553) and any equivalent rule of applicable law.

6.4 Pre-selected paid upgrades, hidden default options, and design patterns that nudge a Subscriber into a higher-priced Plan without genuine, informed choice are not expected to be used. The Operator does not commit to a future free newsletter or waitlist as an automatic route into a paid Subscription.

6.5 Where electronic acceptance is used, the Operator is expected to retain or be able to reproduce evidence of the accepted Plan terms, the Subscriber's identification, the price and the express authorisation. The Operator does not represent that such electronic-acceptance infrastructure already exists.

6.6 Until a checkout and acceptance process is implemented and tested, this page should not be treated as an offer capable of acceptance. The Operator reserves the right to decline, in its reasonable discretion subject to mandatory law, any order that cannot be lawfully or operationally completed.

7.1 Prices, applicable taxes, payment currency, accepted payment methods, and billing frequency are expected to be Plan-specific. No Plan price is published as at the date of this Draft.

7.2 Possible billing models include, illustratively, monthly billing, annual billing, multi-year fixed terms, one-time purchases, and freemium arrangements. The Operator does not at this stage commit to any particular model, and the accepted Plan terms govern.

7.3 A "monthly" description may refer to different billing models, which the Plan terms are expected to distinguish clearly. In particular: (a) a month-to-month Plan renews each month at the then-current monthly price and may be cancelled for the next month; (b) a twelve-month commitment paid in monthly instalments obliges the Subscriber to the equivalent of twelve monthly instalments for the year, even though instalments are collected monthly; and (c) an annual prepayment is paid once for the full year. The total financial commitment applicable to the chosen model — including any minimum duration, early-termination treatment, and overall annual cost — must be disclosed clearly before acceptance.

7.4 Subscription Fees are expected to be displayed inclusive or exclusive of taxes, as required by applicable law. Any value-added tax, goods and services tax, sales tax, withholding tax or other charge lawfully due will be itemised or otherwise made clear at checkout, and may be collected and remitted in accordance with applicable rules.

7.5 The Operator does not claim universal tax exemption as a Hong Kong SAR company. Any applicable tax position, registration, reverse-charge treatment, or one-stop-shop registration for cross-border digital services will be determined in accordance with applicable law and disclosed as required.

7.6 No hidden fees, surcharges, mandatory convenience fees, or non-optional add-ons will be imposed beyond the total price displayed at checkout. The Operator may, where lawful and disclosed, charge reasonable additional fees for clearly optional services (for example, additional Authorised Users beyond a Plan's standard allowance) that the Subscriber affirmatively selects.

8.1 Recurring billing may occur only under a valid Subscription agreement and only on the basis of a properly obtained payment authorisation. A general visit to the Website, a free newsletter signup, a research-interest registration, or a previous one-time purchase does not, by itself, authorise recurring charges.

8.2 Where recurring payment is used, the Subscriber is expected to receive, at the time of authorisation and on each subsequent charge, a clear billing reference identifying the Operator, the Plan, the amount, the currency, the Billing Period, and a method of contacting the Operator about the charge.

8.3 The Operator does not at this stage name a payment gateway, acquiring bank, processor, wallet provider or billing technology. Any future payment infrastructure will be selected, configured and operated in accordance with its actual supported services, scheme rules, payment-services regulation, and applicable law. No assurance is given regarding the specific providers that may be used.

8.4 Payment credentials and card details are not represented as being stored by the Operator. Where payment credentials are stored, this will be done only by a payment service that is properly authorised, that meets applicable security standards (such as PCI DSS where relevant), and that acts as a data controller or processor in accordance with the Privacy Policy and applicable law.

8.5 Failed or declined payments may be retried in accordance with the Plan's published terms and applicable law. Repeated failed payments must not result in unlimited undisclosed fees, must not lead to escalation beyond what is reasonable, and must not waive the Subscriber's right to dispute unauthorised or incorrect charges.

8.6 A Subscriber who identifies an unauthorised or incorrect charge should contact the Operator without undue delay using the channels described in the Plan terms and the Contact page. The Operator will handle such reports in accordance with the Refund & Cancellation Policy and applicable law.

9.1 The Operator may, in the future and subject to applicable law, offer free Trial Periods, introductory rates, or other Promotional Offers. As at the date of this Draft, no trial, introductory rate or promotional code is in operation.

9.2 Any such offer is expected to disclose, before the Subscriber becomes bound, at least:

• the duration of the Trial Period or Promotional Offer;
• the exact trial end date, or the method by which it is calculated;
• whether a Subscription Fee will follow the trial and, if so, the amount and Billing Period;
• whether the Subscription will renew automatically after the trial and the renewal mechanics;
• the deadline and method by which the Subscriber may stop the trial before a charge is taken;
• any eligibility or repeat-use restrictions; and
• any special conditions, including those affecting withdrawal rights.

9.3 Automatic conversion from a free trial to a paid Subscription requires valid, informed authorisation and the disclosures required by applicable law, including any explicit acknowledgement needed for the loss of a statutory withdrawal right in jurisdictions where that is the rule.

9.4 Conditions on repeat-trial eligibility — for example, limits per household, per email address, per payment method, or per previous Subscriber — must be clear, fair, and consistently applied. The Operator does not commit to any specific eligibility rule until the relevant offer is published.

9.5 Promotional pricing, introductory rates and discount codes apply only to the Plan, period and Subscriber to which they are expressly granted. They do not create a continuing right to the same price, and they may not be combined unless the offer expressly states otherwise.

10.1 A Subscription will be treated as automatically renewing only where the accepted Plan terms clearly provide for Automatic Renewal, the Subscriber has been informed of this in a manner that satisfies applicable law, and the Subscriber has not validly opted out before the renewal takes effect.

10.2 A Subscription does not become automatically renewing merely because the initial fixed period expires. The renewal frequency, billing amount and renewal mechanism must match the accepted terms.

10.3 Where Automatic Renewal applies, the Operator should provide appropriate advance reminders and notices of Material Changes, including any notices specifically required by applicable jurisdictional rules (for example, the renewal-information requirements that may apply to EU and UK consumer Subscriptions). The Operator does not commit to a specific number of reminder days in this Draft.

10.4 Mandatory reminders required by law must be distinguished from voluntary good practice. The Operator may, at its discretion and where lawful, send additional reminders as a matter of customer care, but the absence of a voluntary reminder does not affect the Subscriber's legal rights.

10.5 The Operator does not represent that any renewal-notification system is currently in operation. Any such system must be implemented, tested and operational before being relied upon as part of a Plan's renewal mechanics.

10.6 Silence, non-response to a courtesy reminder, or continued use of Subscription Content is not, by itself, fresh consent to renewal where applicable law requires an affirmative indication of assent.

11.1 A Subscriber may stop a future Renewal through a clear, accessible cancellation channel that is not deliberately more burdensome than the original signup process, and by any method specifically required by applicable law.

11.2 Cancellation of a future Renewal is distinct from a Refund request for Subscription Fees already paid. The two are governed by different rules and should be raised through the channels described in the Plan terms, the Refund & Cancellation Policy and Chapter 14.

11.3 Where permissible, a Cancellation may take effect at the end of the Billing Period already paid. The Operator should not, as a matter of policy, compel a Subscriber to telephone, post physical letters, navigate unnecessary retention steps, or accept a downgrade in lieu of a valid Cancellation where the law provides for a simpler method.

11.4 Where the law of the Subscriber's residence requires a simpler or more immediate cancellation method — including a model cancellation form or an online withdrawal function — that method must be implemented and tested before the relevant Plan is offered to that market, not merely described in this document.

11.5 The Operator does not at this stage specify a particular in-account "Cancel Subscription" button. Before launch, the Operator must confirm that the actual functional cancellation channel exists, is tested, and is documented in the Plan's published terms and on the Contact page.

11.6 Mandatory rights to immediate cancellation, full or partial refund, or both — for example in cases of material non-performance — are preserved and cannot be excluded by these Subscription Terms.

12.1 The end of a Subscription may arise in different ways, each with different consequences. These Subscription Terms distinguish at least the following scenarios:

• stopping a future Renewal, with access continuing until the end of the paid period;
• immediate termination by the Operator for valid reasons (see Chapter 22);
• natural Expiration of a Fixed-Term Subscription;
• Cancellation under a mandatory consumer withdrawal or cooling-off right; and
• suspension for non-payment or breach, subject to the rules in Chapter 22.

12.2 Access to Subscription Content may expire when the Subscriber's entitlement ends. Cancellation of a future Renewal does not, by itself, cause the immediate loss of prepaid access where the Subscriber has paid for the current Billing Period.

12.3 The Subscriber's rights in respect of files lawfully downloaded during the Subscription depend on the licence granted by the accepted Plan and on mandatory law. A Subscription does not, by itself, transfer ownership of the underlying Subscription Content, but may include a limited licence to retain and use legitimately obtained copies for personal, internal or other purposes defined by the Plan.

12.4 Termination or expiration of a Subscription is not, by itself, an instruction to delete personal data, account records, or transaction history. The Operator will handle such data in accordance with the Privacy Policy and applicable retention rules, and may retain what is reasonably necessary for legitimate business, accounting, anti-fraud and legal purposes.

12.5 Where a Subscription is suspended or terminated by the Operator for valid cause, the Operator may, where lawful, revoke access, refuse further renewal, and decline related services. Prepaid fees may be dealt with as set out in Chapter 22 and the Refund & Cancellation Policy.

13.1 Cancellation of a future Renewal, withdrawal from a distance contract, and refunds for breach by the Operator are three distinct legal mechanisms. Cancellation stops future billing. Withdrawal unwinds the contract from the beginning, subject to statutory conditions and exceptions. Refund rights for breach arise where the Operator fails to deliver the Subscription as agreed. The existence, scope, duration and exceptions of each depend on the law applicable to the specific transaction, and not on the Subscriber's general location or browser language.

13.2 The Operator does not create a Hong Kong-wide statutory 14-day cancellation right through these Subscription Terms. Where Hong Kong SAR law applies, the protections described in this Chapter are limited to those provided by that law and by the accepted Plan terms.

13.3 Where the law of a European Union Member State applies to a consumer transaction, the relevant consumer-protection rules of that Member State apply, including the 14-day withdrawal right for distance contracts and the recognised exceptions for digital content and digital services. Those exceptions do not operate automatically; they require all applicable procedural conditions to be satisfied, including (where relevant) the consumer's express prior consent to early performance and the consumer's express acknowledgement that the withdrawal right is lost once performance has begun. The Operator does not assert that opening, viewing, streaming, downloading or otherwise using paid Digital Content is, by itself, sufficient to forfeit a withdrawal right where the procedural conditions are not met.

13.4 Where a consumer's express consent and acknowledgement is required to forfeit a withdrawal right, that consent and acknowledgement must be obtained separately, in a clear and affirmative manner, in compliance with applicable EU and national law, and only after the consumer has been properly informed of the consequences.

13.5 For EU-facing consumer Subscriptions, the Operator takes note of Directive (EU) 2023/2673 on the harmonisation of certain rules concerning distance contracts concluded through online interfaces, and the obligations it places on Member States to ensure the availability of an online withdrawal function. The Operator will, where the Directive applies through the relevant national law and is in force in that Member State, implement and test an accessible online withdrawal mechanism before relying on it, and will not represent the mechanism as available until it has been implemented and tested.

13.6 For UK-facing consumer transactions, the Operator notes that the UK government announced on 9 August 2026 that the new UK subscription-contract rules under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 are planned to come into force in January 2027. Until those rules are commenced, amended and applied in their final form, they are not yet in force, and the Operator will not describe them as effective. The Operator will track the applicable commencement and implementation timetable and adapt its disclosures and processes accordingly.

13.7 The right to withdraw from an initial contract is separate from the right to stop a future Renewal, and separate from any refund entitlement arising from the Operator's breach. The consequences of a statutory withdrawal — including the amount and timing of any reimbursement owed to the Subscriber, and the Operator's right (where lawful) to retain a proportionate amount reflecting the value of digital content or services already performed during the withdrawal period — depend on the precise law applicable to the transaction, on the nature of the digital content or service supplied, and on the procedural requirements of that law (including any required acknowledgement or consent that affects the loss of the withdrawal right). A withdrawal does not, by itself, produce only a refund for the unused period; the precise financial result will vary according to the law applicable to the transaction and the conduct of the parties. The Subscriber's mandatory rights under that applicable law are preserved.

13.8 All mandatory rights of consumers under the law applicable to their transaction remain unaffected by the choice of Hong Kong SAR law in Chapter 24.

14.1 The provisions of this Chapter operate in coordination with the Refund & Cancellation Policy. The following hierarchy governs the resolution of any conflict between documents in respect of a particular transaction:

1. Non-excludable provisions of the law applicable to the Subscriber's transaction prevail over everything else.
2. The accepted transaction-specific Plan terms and the accepted Order control the commercial specifics of that transaction (price, Plan, billing frequency, accepted renewal mechanics, accepted dates).
3. These Subscription Terms apply to subscription-specific matters not settled by the Plan or Order, where they have been validly incorporated into the contract.
4. The Refund & Cancellation Policy operates as a supplement on refund-related matters, where it has been validly incorporated and does not conflict with a higher-ranked document.

Other SkyscrapersInfo pages — including the Website Terms of Use, Service Terms & Conditions, Copyright, Privacy Policy and Cookies Policy — do not automatically override the documents above, and apply only to the extent they have been validly incorporated and are not displaced by mandatory law or a higher-ranked document.

14.2 Refunds may be available on grounds including, without limitation:

• duplicate charges caused by Operator or processor error;
• unauthorised billing, including charges that were not properly authorised by the Subscriber;
• withdrawal under a mandatory consumer right;
• material non-performance, material defect, or extended unavailability of the Subscription;
• incorrect Renewal charges caused by failure to reflect the Subscriber's valid Cancellation;
• cancellation of the Subscription by the Operator other than for the Subscriber's valid-cause breach; and
• any other ground established by the accepted Plan terms or applicable law.

14.3 Legally required Refunds are distinct from discretionary goodwill Credits. A Credit applied to a future invoice is not a cash Refund unless expressly stated; the Operator will not replace a mandatory cash Refund with a future-service Credit without a lawful basis and any required Subscriber agreement.

14.4 The Operator does not claim that all Subscription Fees are universally non-refundable. The Operator also does not promise automatic pro-rata Refunds for every Cancellation; the Refund calculation will depend on the Plan, the basis for the Refund, applicable law, and the period of service already delivered.

14.5 Any Refund calculation must avoid double deductions, double recovery, and the simultaneous application of multiple remedies to the same Subscription Fee. Where a chargeback is raised in respect of a charge that has already been Refunded, the Operator may, in coordination with its payment service, reconcile the records to prevent double payment.

14.6 The Operator does not commit in this Draft to a specific unconditional Refund processing deadline. Legally required Refunds will be processed without undue delay; discretionary Credits will be applied in accordance with the Plan terms and the Refund & Cancellation Policy.

15.1 Where Plan changes (including upgrades, downgrades, add-ons, removals, or moves between Personal, Professional, Business and Institutional tiers) are offered, they will be subject to clear, agreed rules set out in the Plan's published terms.

15.2 Price adjustments, proration, additional access and downgraded functionality arising from a Plan change must be explained before the change takes effect. The Operator will not impose undisclosed charges for a Plan change.

15.3 An upgrade should not automatically change the renewal commitment, Billing Period or fixed-term duration without valid, informed authorisation. A downgrade must not secretly trigger a new annual commitment, lock-in period, or new minimum duration.

15.4 Pausing, freezing, or temporarily suspending a Subscription is not promised unless the feature is expressly available under a published Plan. Any operational capability (for example, a "holiday pause") must be verified and tested before being included in a live offer.

15.5 Plan changes should be confirmed to the Subscriber in a durable record. The Operator does not represent that any Plan-change workflow is currently in operation.

16.1 The Operator retains the ability to make legitimate future changes to its Plans, including price, content, features, usage limits, and technical delivery. Any such change must have a valid contractual and legal basis, must respect the rights of existing Subscribers, and must remain within the limits of applicable law and the accepted Plan terms.

16.2 Changes to Plans apply to new Subscribers from their effective date. Where a Material Change affects existing Subscribers, advance notice alone is not always sufficient. Where the law or the accepted Plan terms require it, the Operator must obtain the Subscriber's express consent, or offer the Subscriber an effective right to reject the change and to terminate the Subscription without penalty, with an appropriate monetary Refund for any prepaid, unused period.

16.3 The Operator does not claim an unlimited right to increase prices immediately and without disclosure. Subscribers are entitled to reasonable advance notice of price changes affecting them, together with the information needed to decide whether to continue the Subscription.

16.4 Material reductions in features, available content, usage limits or access rights must be addressed fairly. The Operator will not silently degrade a paid Plan in a way that a reasonable Subscriber would consider a fundamental change to the bargain.

16.5 No unilateral retrospective repricing will be applied. Existing Subscribers retain the benefit of the price and key terms in force at the time of their acceptance, subject to the Plan's express change-of-terms mechanics and applicable law.

16.6 Where a Material Change entitles a Subscriber to terminate without penalty, the Operator will, where lawful, provide a proportionate monetary Refund for any prepaid, unused period of the Subscription, in accordance with Chapter 14 and the Refund & Cancellation Policy.

17.1 The Operator has not confirmed that paid Subscriber accounts, an account portal, or institutional account management are currently in operation. Where such systems are introduced, the provisions of this Chapter describe the framework that is expected to apply.

17.2 Where Accounts are introduced, the Operator is expected to take reasonable steps to safeguard credentials, authentication data and Subscriber information, in line with applicable security standards and the Privacy Policy. The Operator does not, at this stage, commit to specific security technologies, vendors or certifications.

17.3 Subscribers are expected to take reasonable steps to keep their credentials confidential, to provide accurate registration information, and to update it where it changes. Sharing, resale or public disclosure of credentials beyond the limits of the accepted Plan is not permitted, and may result in proportionate measures under Chapter 22.

17.4 Authorised Users for Business or Institutional Plans must be nominated in accordance with the Plan's terms. The Subscriber is responsible for the acts and omissions of its Authorised Users in connection with the Subscription, to the extent permitted by applicable law.

17.5 The Operator does not impose unlimited strict liability on Subscribers for every unauthorised transaction. Where a Subscriber notifies the Operator without undue delay of suspected unauthorised use, and has not acted fraudulently or with gross negligence, the Subscriber's exposure will be determined in accordance with applicable payment-services and consumer law.

17.6 Account recovery, closure and data-export procedures will be set out in the Plan's published terms and the Privacy Policy. The Operator will not promise account-recovery or data-export capabilities that have not been implemented.

18.1 The Operator (or, where relevant, its licensors) retains intellectual property rights in the Website, Subscription Content, datasets, reports, photographs, videos, maps, designs, trademarks, logos, and related materials, but only to the extent that those rights are lawfully owned or controlled by the Operator or its licensors. A Subscription payment does not transfer ownership of any of those rights; it provides a limited licence in accordance with the accepted Plan.

18.2 The Plan's accepted terms are expected to define the scope of the licence, including the permitted purposes, the permitted users, the duration, the territory, and the limits on redistribution, sublicensing and commercial use. Different Plans may grant very different rights.

18.3 Without separate written permission, a Subscriber must not, in respect of Subscription Content:

• republish, redistribute, broadcast, or make available premium photographs, videos, reports, datasets or maps to third parties outside the limits of the Plan;
• resell, sublicense or commercially exploit Subscription Content;
• remove, alter or obscure attribution, copyright notices, watermarks or digital rights-management information;
• use Subscription Content to train, develop or improve machine-learning, artificial-intelligence, search or similar systems, except as permitted by applicable law or separate licence;
• share, publish or provide access to Authorised-User-only material with persons who are not Authorised Users; or
• use Subscription Content in a manner that infringes the rights of any third party or breaches applicable law.

18.4 A Business Subscription does not automatically grant unlimited redistribution or sublicensing rights. Any wider use requires a separate written agreement with the Operator or its licensors.

18.5 The Operator does not claim ownership of, or copyright over, raw facts, building measurements, public-domain data or other non-protectable elements that may be reflected in Subscription Content. The Operator's copyright and any database rights that may subsist are claimed only over the original selection, arrangement, presentation and expressive elements of its work, to the extent that such rights exist under applicable law. Statutory exceptions and limitations recognised by applicable copyright and database law — including quotation, criticism, review, news reporting and similar permitted uses — are preserved and are not displaced by these Subscription Terms.

18.6 Third-party content made available through a Subscription remains subject to its own licence terms. The Operator does not represent that it owns third-party imagery, maps, stock content or other materials used in connection with the Subscription, and will not grant rights that it does not lawfully hold.

18.7 These provisions operate in addition to the Copyright page, the separate Licensing Policy, and the Website Terms of Use, and are without prejudice to any statutory rights (including quotation, criticism, review, news reporting and other non-excludable uses) recognised by applicable law.

19.1 SkyscrapersInfo publishes material concerning skyscrapers, buildings, architecture, design, construction, urban development and related subjects. Building specifications, heights, classifications, project timelines, ownership structures and statistics may change over time and may depend on the methodology, sources and date of measurement.

19.2 Editorial information of a general nature is distinct from any specific paid contractual research deliverable. Where a Plan includes a specific deliverable, the accepted Plan terms govern the deliverable's content, scope, format and any acceptance criteria.

19.3 The Operator does not guarantee that all information provided through a Subscription will always be error-free, current, or suitable for any particular purpose. The Operator will take reasonable steps to correct material errors that are brought to its attention. Where the accepted Plan terms expressly commit to a particular update frequency, an accuracy standard, a research refresh schedule or any other defined update obligation, that express commitment is binding on the Operator and is not displaced by this paragraph.

19.4 The Operator does not exclude responsibility for fraud, fraudulent misrepresentation, death or personal injury caused by negligence, breach of any obligation that cannot lawfully be excluded, or any other liability that cannot be excluded by applicable law.

19.5 Subscription access must not be understood as conferring the ability to purchase, influence or otherwise direct the Operator's editorial conclusions. Premium content remains subject to the project's editorial independence standards. The Operator does not accept paid influence over editorial content, and any sponsored or commissioned material will be labelled in accordance with the Advertising Policy.

19.6 The Operator does not provide financial, investment, valuation, legal, regulatory, construction, safety or professional advice through the Subscription. Nothing in Subscription Content should be relied upon as a guarantee of financial return, project completion, investment outcome, or future performance of any building, project or market.

20.1 The Subscription is provided on an "as available" basis. The Operator will take reasonable steps to keep the Subscription available, but does not guarantee 100% uptime, uninterrupted access, or the absence of errors, defects, malware, security incidents or third-party failures.

20.2 The Operator does not at this stage commit to a paid support service, a service-level agreement, a 24-hour assistance line, a service-credit regime, or a defined availability percentage. The Operator will describe the actual level of support and availability in the Plan's published terms, where any such commitment is offered.

20.3 The Subscription depends on third-party infrastructure, networks, payment services and software. The Operator is not liable for failures or delays caused by such third parties where the failure or delay is outside the Operator's reasonable control and could not have been avoided by reasonable diligence.

20.4 Where a valid agreement includes uptime or availability commitments, those commitments are preserved and will be honoured in accordance with their terms. Where material outages or material non-performance occur, the Subscriber retains applicable contractual and mandatory remedies, including any rights under the Refund & Cancellation Policy and Chapter 14.

20.5 Force majeure does not entitle the Operator to retain prepaid fees indefinitely for services that cannot be performed. Where a force majeure event materially and continuously prevents the performance of the Subscription, the Subscriber's rights (including, where applicable, the right to terminate and to a proportionate Refund) are preserved.

20.6 Planned maintenance, security updates, feature changes and similar operational activities will, where reasonably practicable, be carried out with advance notice and in a manner designed to minimise Subscriber impact.

21.1 Subscribers must use the Subscription in accordance with these Subscription Terms, the accepted Plan, the Website Terms of Use and applicable law. The Operator may take proportionate measures where a Subscriber engages in conduct that materially undermines the Subscription, the rights of other Subscribers, or the Operator's legitimate interests.

21.2 Prohibited conduct includes, without limitation:

• unauthorised account sharing beyond the limits of the Plan;
• resale, transfer or commercial exploitation of credentials, Authorised-User rights or Subscription access;
• circumventing or attempting to circumvent access controls, paywalls, rate limits, watermarks, technical protection measures or audit logs;
• unauthorised copying, republishing or republication of Subscription Content beyond the licence granted;
• large-scale automated extraction, scraping, mirroring or systematic downloading beyond the Plan's contractual rights;
• abuse of any future application programming interface, download quota, embed widget or research tool, where one is provided;
• attempts to access another Subscriber's private account, data or content;
• fraudulent payment activity, including the use of payment methods that the Subscriber is not authorised to use;
• use of the Subscription in a manner that is unlawful, infringing, defamatory, harassing or otherwise harmful; and
• deliberate disruption of the Subscription, related services or other Subscribers' use of them.

21.3 The Operator does not at this stage commit to specific API functions, download quotas, embed permissions or monitoring technologies. Any such operational limits will be set out in the Plan's published terms and applied in a proportionate, transparent manner.

21.4 These restrictions are without prejudice to lawful exceptions recognised by applicable law, including quotation, criticism, review, news reporting, parody, research, security testing, and other non-excludable rights. The Operator does not seek to prohibit all automated tools universally; it prohibits only those automated activities that exceed the Plan's contractual rights or breach applicable law.

22.1 The Operator may suspend or terminate a Subscription, in whole or in part, on proportionate grounds including: a material breach of these Subscription Terms or the accepted Plan that is not cured within a reasonable period (where cure is appropriate); non-payment in accordance with the Plan's billing mechanics; a serious security threat to the Subscription, other Subscribers or the Operator; fraud or abusive conduct supported by reasonable evidence; a legally required restriction; or a material misuse of the Subscription or its intellectual property.

22.2 Where appropriate and reasonably practicable, the Operator will provide advance notice of suspension or termination, identifying the reason, the steps (if any) the Subscriber may take to remedy the issue, and the expected date of action. Immediate suspension or termination without advance notice is reserved for genuinely justified urgent situations, including a serious security threat to the Subscription, other Subscribers or the Operator; a binding legal obligation requiring immediate action; or fraud or abusive conduct supported by reasonable evidence. In all other cases, advance notice will be provided. Any notice required by applicable law is preserved and cannot be disapplied by this paragraph.

22.3 Suspension or termination for the Subscriber's valid-cause breach does not, by itself, entitle the Operator to retain all prepaid sums. The treatment of outstanding fees, accrued rights, and access to legitimately obtained copies of Subscription Content will be determined in accordance with the Plan terms, the Refund & Cancellation Policy and applicable law.

22.4 Where the Operator terminates a Subscription, the consequences differ depending on the reason. (a) Termination for the Operator's own commercial convenience, or other termination not attributable to the Subscriber's breach and not caused by a legally justified circumstance beyond either party's control, is governed by the accepted Plan terms and by any non-excludable monetary refund obligation arising under applicable law, including — where applicable — a refund for any prepaid, undelivered services. (b) Termination resulting from the Operator's own breach does not extinguish the Subscriber's right to any contractually or legally required monetary refund, including a refund for prepaid, undelivered services. (c) Termination caused by a legally justified circumstance beyond either party's reasonable control (including a binding legal requirement, a serious security or legal risk, or another force-majeure-type event recognised by applicable law) is governed by the accepted Plan terms and Chapter 20, and the treatment of prepaid fees depends on what the applicable law and the Plan terms require. Nothing in this paragraph creates an unconditional, universal pro-rata refund obligation for every termination not attributable to the Subscriber's breach. The refund calculation, and the treatment of services already lawfully delivered, depend on the accepted Plan terms and on applicable mandatory law.

22.5 Repeated or material non-payment may, after reasonable notice and a reasonable opportunity to cure, lead to suspension and ultimately termination of the Subscription. The Operator may also take proportionate steps to recover amounts lawfully due, while preserving the Subscriber's rights to dispute the charge and to invoke mandatory protections.

22.6 The Operator does not claim an absolute right to confiscate all prepaid sums on termination, and will not impose disproportionate or punitive remedies that are not supported by the Plan terms or applicable law.

23.1 Personal data relating to Subscribers is expected to be processed in accordance with the Privacy Policy and the Cookies Policy. The data-protection obligations set out in these Subscription Terms are framed as prospective obligations: the Operator commits that, when Subscriber data is in fact processed, it will be processed only for identified, legitimate purposes, on a lawful basis, and with the disclosures required by applicable data-protection law (including, where relevant, the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Cap. 486) and the EU/UK General Data Protection Regulation). This Draft does not represent that any specific live Subscriber-data processing operation, payment-processing channel, identity-verification step or anti-fraud workflow currently exists.

23.2 Service communications relating to the Subscription (for example, billing notices, renewal reminders, security alerts and material changes) are distinct from marketing communications. The purchase of a Subscription does not, by itself, constitute blanket consent to receive unrelated promotional marketing. Marketing opt-in is governed by the Privacy Policy and applicable law.

23.3 The Operator does not at this stage assert that personal data is stored exclusively in Hong Kong, that it is encrypted using any specific technology, or that it is never shared with processors. Any future payment-processing, identity-verification, anti-fraud, customer-support, analytics or hosting arrangements will be selected, configured and disclosed in the Privacy Policy before they are relied upon in respect of any Subscriber, and will be operated in accordance with applicable law.

23.4 Payment disputes, including chargebacks raised through a payment service or card network, will be handled fairly, in accordance with the rules of the relevant payment scheme, the Refund & Cancellation Policy and applicable law. The Operator will cooperate with reasonable verification requests and will not seek to waive the Subscriber's statutory or scheme-based dispute rights.

23.5 The Operator will take reasonable steps to prevent double recovery where a charge has been both Refunded and charged back, and to reconcile the position with the Subscriber and, where appropriate, the payment service. Identity and anti-fraud checks will be reasonable, proportionate, and will not be used to indefinitely delay mandatory Refunds or rights.

23.6 The Operator does not at this stage commit to specific data-retention periods, payment-processor names, or anti-fraud vendors. Those particulars will be set out in the Privacy Policy and other relevant documents as the Subscription infrastructure is developed and reviewed.

24.1 These Subscription Terms are intended to be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, save where the law applicable to a particular Subscriber's transaction provides non-excludable rights that override this choice. The Operator does not suggest that the choice of Hong Kong SAR law may be used to evade mandatory EU, UK or other consumer-protection rules.

24.2 Nothing in these Subscription Terms is intended to exclude or limit liability that cannot be excluded or limited under applicable law, including liability for fraud, fraudulent misrepresentation, death or personal injury caused by negligence, or breach of any obligation that cannot lawfully be excluded.

24.3 The Operator does not claim a universal liability cap that would defeat the rights of consumers under their applicable law. Any commercial limitation of liability offered to a Business Subscriber will be reviewed for fairness under the Control of Exemption Clauses Ordinance (Cap. 71) and the equivalent rules of the law applicable to the transaction.

24.4 The Operator does not assert that any provision of these Subscription Terms which is found to be invalid or unenforceable will automatically be rewritten into a valid provision. Severability, where recognised, will operate in accordance with the law applicable to the specific term.

24.5 Complaints, disputes and enquiries are expected to be raised through the channels set out in the Plan's published terms and on the Contact page. The Operator aims to acknowledge enquiries within a reasonable time and to handle them in a proportionate, transparent manner. The Operator does not, by this document, impose mandatory arbitration, a binding class-waiver, or barriers designed to prevent Subscribers from contacting relevant consumer regulators.

24.6 Where a Subscriber and the Operator are unable to resolve a dispute informally, the parties may consider the courts of the Hong Kong SAR or, where the Subscriber is a consumer and mandatory law provides otherwise, the courts of the Subscriber's place of residence.

24.7 Updates to these Subscription Terms will, where lawful, apply prospectively to new Subscriptions and (with reasonable notice and a valid contractual and legal basis) to existing Subscriptions in respect of future periods. The mere publication of a revised webpage, combined with a notice, does not, by itself, authorise material changes to an existing Subscription. Where a change is material, the Operator will provide appropriate advance notice and, where required by applicable law, obtain express consent or offer an effective right to terminate without penalty, together with a proportionate monetary Refund for any prepaid, unused period.

24.8 The Operator's published company particulars, registered office and customer-contact channels will be set out on the Contact page and the Legal & Compliance Overview. No company registration number, business address, customer-support email, effective date, or legal representative is asserted in this Draft page.

24.9 The provisions of these Subscription Terms are without prejudice to any non-excludable consumer rights that apply to the particular transaction under the relevant consumer-protection and conflict-of-law rules. The Operator does not suggest that the Subscriber's residence, by itself, automatically makes every local consumer-protection rule applicable; whether a particular consumer-protection rule applies depends on the law that governs, or otherwise mandatorily protects, the specific transaction. The Operator's rights and remedies under applicable law are likewise preserved.